Brain Hemorrhages

Cerebral hemorrhages are one of the most life-threatening conditions among brain diseases. According to their causes, they can be divided into those that are due to trauma and those that occur spontaneously.

Conditions that lead to cerebral hemorrhage:

1. Trauma: It is a blow to the head. Depending on the location of the impact and the damage it causes to the head (such as bone fracture, brain tissue damage, vascular injury), cerebral hemorrhages can be of various types and compartments.
2. Hypertension (High blood pressure): As a result of increased blood pressure, bleeding may occur in the brain tissue or between the membranes surrounding the brain. 3-Vascular disease: Cerebral hemorrhages that occur in cases that cause weakening of the vessel wall, such as aneurysms, usually occur between the membranes surrounding the brain. 4-It may occur as a result of occlusion in the small veins in the brain or in the main veins of the brain.
3. Bleeding may develop in damaged brain tissue due to insufficient blood or other reasons.
4. In some brain tumors, intratumor hemorrhages may occur.
5. In some blood diseases, as in other organs of the body, cerebral hemorrhage can also be seen.

Cerebral hemorrhages caused by non-traumatic reasons can be examined under the following subheadings:

1. Intracerebral hemorrhages due to hypertension
2. Intracerebral hemorrhages due to vascular anomalies
3. Subarachnoidal hemorrhages (SAH)
4. Subdural hemorrhages

Intracranial Hemorrhage Due to Hypertension

• They are intracerebral hemorrhages that occur due to high blood pressure without a vascular pathology in people.
• It is usually seen over middle age.
• Long-term high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney failure, sigora and alcohol use are the main factors that increase the risk of bleeding.
• Depending on the location of the hemorrhage in the brain, it can cause severe headache, weakness on one side of the body, speech disorder, seizures, wheezing, and coma.
• It is typical for the patient to describe the headache as “the most severe pain of his life.
• Depending on the neurological status of the person and the location and amount of bleeding, surgery or drug treatment is applied.
• The purpose of the surgery is to drain the blood in order to relax the brain stuck with bleeding, this is called the decompression process.
• Patients with loss of function after treatment may need to undergo rehabilitation in physical therapy for a long time.
• The bleeding is usually instantaneous and has stopped by the time the patient arrives at the emergency room.
• Approximately W of the patients may experience an enlargement of the size of the bleeding on the first day.
• After the first attack is over, the risk of recurrence is extremely low.

Vascular Cerebral Hemorrhages

• Cavernoma is caused by vascular tangles called AVMs and sometimes by vascular bubbles called “aneurysms”.
• It is usually seen in younger people, its symptoms are similar to cerebral hemorrhages due to high blood pressure and are sudden.
• The underlying pathology needs to be treated, in cases where it is not treated, there is a high risk of recurrence of bleeding.